Boron (B)
Boron (B)
Boron compounds have been known for thousands of years, but the element was not discovered until 1808. It is not found free in nature, but as orthoboric acid in volcanic spring waters and as borates. Important sources are the ores rasorite (kernite) and tincal (borax ore).
Elemental boron and borates are not toxic, but some boron hydrogen compounds are toxic and require careful handling.
Boron conducts electricity poorly at room temperature but effectively at high temperatures. In pyrotechnic flares, it provides a distinctive green color. The pentahydrate form is used to make insulation fiberglass and sodium perborate bleach.
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